Satyendranath Bose
(A   silent Scientist)
Born: 1 Jan 1894   Died: 4 Feb 1974

Satyendranath Bose was born on 1^st  January 1894 in Calcutta His father’s name was Surendranath Bose and mother’s Amodini Devi, Satyendra nath had six younger sisters His father was an accountant   later he   joined in the East Indian Railways. Thereafter he established a chemical and pharmaceutical company.  .

Satyendranath was a student of the Hindu School in 1907. It was here that his interest in mathematics and science began. He was admitted in the Presidency College, Calcutta, in 1909 where he had a brilliant academic record. He got his bachelor’s degree, a B.Sc. in 1913 and a M.Sc. in 1915 proving he to be the best student of mathematics. In the year he was awarded his Master's degree, he married Ushabala Ghosh.   They had five children, three daughters and two sons.

 He was appointed to the newly opened University College of Science in Calcutta in 1917.  This university was a research institution for postgraduate studies and here he was able to study recent European texts on quantum theory and relativity, which, before the opening of the new institution, had not been readily available in India.  Gibbs book on  statistical mathematics stimulated his interest in this topic. He also studied Einstein’s papers on relativity and obtained Einstein’s permission to translate them for publication in India. He was appointed as a Reader in physics at the University of Dacca in 1921 and taught there until 1945, being a professor and head of the physics department from 1927. In 1945 he returned to Calcutta University when he was appointed as Guru prasad Professor of Physics, a position he held until he retired in 1956 when he was made Professor Emeritus.  He did important work in quantum theory, in particular on Planck ‘s black body radiation law. He sent his paper Planck's Law and the Hypothesis of Light Quanta (1924) to Einstein This paper was only four pages long but it was highly significant. He derived derive the formula for radiation from Boltzmann statistics. Einstein, who saw at once that Satyendranath had removed a major objection against light quanta, enthusiastically endorsed the paper, and his method of deriving Planck radiation formula. The paper was translated into German by Einstein and submitted with a strong recommendation to the Zeitschrift fur Physik. Einstein extended his (Bose) treatment to material particles whose number is conserved and published several papers on this extension. Following this his two years research programmed in University of Dacca beginning in 1924 was approved.  He now had the chance of meeting European scientists and traveled first to Paris where he met Langevin and de Broglio   In October 1925 he met Einstein   Much progress had been made by Einstein following his receipt of Bose’s paper for he was able to see how the ideas could be taken forward.  Bose published on statistical mechanics leading to the Einstein –Bose statistics.   Scientist Dirac coined the term boson for particles obeying these statistics. Through these terms his name is rightly known and remembered, for indeed his contributions are remarkable, especially given the fact that he made his important discoveries working in isolation from the mainstream developments in Europe.

It was not only for his research contributions that  S N Bose is important, however, for his efforts to improve education in India led to a much greater use of technology. He gave leadership in many ways: as president of the physics section of the Indian Science Congress in 1939, as general president of the Indian Science Congress in Delhi in 1944, and as president of the National Institute of Science of India in 1949. His greatest honour was election to the Royal Society of London in 1958. After he  retired from Calcutta University in 1956 he was appointed as vice-chancellor of Viswa-Bharati University, Santiniketan. Two years later he was honored with the post of national professor.

Om Prakash Chautala
( Chief Minister  Haryana)
Born on January 1, 1935

Om Prakash Chautala, the Chief Minister of Haryana was.  Born on January 1, 1935 at village Chautala in Sirsa district.  He had his education at his native village and later on at Sangria and Dabwali subdivision. Being inclined towards the ideology of his father, Choudhury Devi Lal, he developed from an early age a passion for politics and a strong urge to ameliorate the lot of the poor and the downtrodden. Chautala inherited the quality of leadership from his father and, used to exhort his class-fellows and other youngsters to develop the concept of national integration and religious tolerance for maintaining communal harmony.

Great leaders like Mahatma Gandhi and other nationalists also inspired him. He   Being inclined towards the ideology of his father, Choudhury Devi Lal, he developed from an early age a passion for politics and a strong urge to ameliorate the lot of the poor and the downtrodden. organized ‘Nayaya Yudh’, State and national level rallies like ‘Haryana Bachao’, ‘Samast Haryana’ and ‘Kisan Rally’ in different parts of the State and country to create mass awakening among the people against the misrule, lawlessness and corruption prevalent at high places in the country in different times. He advocated the need for emotional integration to strengthen the fibre of communal harmony.

Chautala  actively participated in parliamentary democracy and elected  as MLA first in 1970. He had always been on the fore-front to safeguard the interests of Haryana.  He  remained a Member of Rajya Sabha from 1987 to 1990.Chautala had served the State four times as Chief Minister. It was on December 2, 1989 that he first assumed the office of Chief Minister. It was again on July 12, 1990 after getting reelected , on March 22, 1991  as CM  again . Chautala was also appointed Convener of Anti-Dunkel Rally held on March 18, 1994 at Delhi. He also remained member of important committees of the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha and Haryana Vidhan Sabha.  He resigned from Haryana Legislative Assembly on November 1, 1995, in protest against the then State Government’s failure to safeguard the interests of people of Haryana on the issues of Yamuna water and pumping of flood water out of the flood affected areas of the State. He strongly defended  Haryana’s cause in the Ravi-Beas waters and territorial disputes. He also highlighted the on-going poverty alleviation schemes to improve the shattered economy of the country.  His policies and programmes aim at strengthening India as a strong Sovereign, Socialist and Secular Democratic Republic. He became Leader of Opposition on May 24, 1996 in the ninth Haryana Vidhan Sabha.

 On July 24, 1999 that he assumed the office of Chief Minister. Being elected from two constituencies  Narwana and  Rori .He was  elected unanimously as the President of the Haryana Unit of Indian National Lok Dal in 1999. He remained President of Haryana State Janata Dal and National General Secretary of the Samajwadi Janata party. He also served as Secretary General of the Samajwadi Janata party and Chief of the Kisan Kamgar Cell of All India Lok Dal.  .

Chautala also attended several national and international conferences. He has toured  abroad like  United States of America, UK, Germany, France, Spain, Portugal, Australia, Japan, Holland, Pakistan, Canada, Newzeland, Singapore, Greece etc.

In his current tenure as Chief Minister,Om Prakash Chautala has laid emphasis on transforming the economy of the State and making it free from floods so as to make Haryana a front-runner State in the country. The Government, under his stewardship, has also taken great leaps in evolving modernistic and progressive policies concerning the industry, particularly in the field of Information Technology At present, he is President of the Indian National Lok Dal. 

Newton, Sir Isaac 
Born:  January  4.    1643
Died:  March   27    1727

 Sir Isaac Newton is   generally regarded as the original and influential theorist in the history of science.  In addition to his invention of the infinitesimal calculus and a new theory of light and colour, Newton transformed the structure of physical science with his three laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation.   Isaac Newton was born on 4 January 1643, in village Wools Thorpe, near Grantham in Lincolnshire of Britain.  His fathers name was also Isaac and mother’s Hanna. His father had died before he was born. When he was three years old his mother, sent him to his grandmother and remarried Barnabas Smith, a wealthy rector from nearby village Grantham.  Newton was admitted to school by his grand mother with his mother's return to Wools Thorpe in 1653, after the death of her second husband Newton was taken back from school to work in   farming. But he   returned to King's School at Grantham to prepare for entrance to Trinity College, Cambridge. Some biographers say that he was absent-minded and showed    lackluster performance as a student They also say that due to his prolonged separation from his mother, his unrivaled hatred of his stepfather touched his life. Until Hanna returned to Wools Thorpe in 1653, Newton was denied his mother's attention, a possible clue to his complex character. Newton's childhood was anything but happy, and throughout his life he verged on emotional collapse, occasionally falling into violent and vindictive attacks against friend and foe alike. But the turning point in Newton's life came in June 1661 when he left Wools Thorpe for Cambridge University. Here Newton entered a new world.  Not much is known of his formal studies as an undergraduate. It is understood by all appearances that his academic performance was undistinguished. In 1664 Isaac Barrow, Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge, examined Newton's understanding of Euclid and found it lacking in convincing. In 1665 Newton got his bachelor's degree at Cambridge without honors or distinction. Since the university was closed for the next two years because of plague, Newton returned to Wools Thorpe in midyear. There, he made a series of original contributions to science. As he later recalled, 'All this was in the two plague years of 1665 and 1666, for in those days I was in my prime of age for invention, and minded mathematics and philosophy more than at any time since.' In mathematics Newton conceived his 'method of fluxions' (infinitesimal calculus), laid the foundations for his theory of light and color, and achieved significant insight into the problem of planetary motion, insights that eventually led to the publication of his Principia (1687) In 1666, as tradition has it, Newton observed the fall of an apple in his garden at Wools Thorpe, later recalling, 'In the same year I began to think of gravity extending to the orb of the Moon.' Newton's memory was not accurate. In fact, all evidence suggests that the concept of universal gravitation did not spring full-blown from Newton's head in 1666 but was nearly 20 years in gestation. In April 1667, Newton returned to Cambridge and, became a senior fellow upon taking his master of arts degree, and in 1669, he succeeded Isaac Barrow as Lucasian Professor of Mathematics, and in 1672, shortly after his election to the Royal Society, he communicated his first public paper, a brilliant but controversial study on the nature of color In 1679, his mother died. Newton engrossed himself in alchemical research. Work. . Sometime in early 1680, Newton appears to have quietly drawn his own conclusions on his works. August 1684, scientist Halley paid a legendary visit to Newton in Cambridge, hoping for an answer to his riddle:  What type of curve does a planet describe in its orbit around the sun, assuming an inverse square law of attraction? When Halley posed the question, Newton's ready response was 'an ellipse.' When asked how he knew it was an ellipse Newton replied that he had already calculated it. After further discussion he promised to send Halley a fresh calculation forthwith. In partial fulfillment of his promise Newton produced his De Motu of 1684. From that seed, after nearly two years of intense labour, the Philosophiae Naturalis Principia

Mathematica appeared. Arguably, it is the most important book published in the history of science.

After publishing the Principia, Newton became more involved in public affairs. In 1689 he was elected to represent Cambridge in Parliament, In 1693, however, Newton suffered a severe nervous disorder, The cause is open to interpretation: overwork; the stress of controversy; the unexplained loss of friendship; or perhaps chronic mercury poisoning, the result of nearly three decades of alchemical research. Each factor may have played a role. In 1696, with the help of Charles Montague, a fellow of Trinity and later earl of Halifax, Newton was appointed Warden and then Master of the Mint. His new position proved 'most proper,' and he left Cambridge for London without regret and he was an active and able administrator. In 1703, Newton was elected president of the Royal Society and was annually reelected until his death. In 1704 he published his second major work, the Optics, based largely on work completed decades before. He was knighted in 1705 although his creative years had passed; Newton continued to exercise a profound influence on the development of science. And until his death he dominated the landscape of science without rival. He died in London on March 31, 1727. 

 YOGANANDA
(a great Yogi of twentieth century)
Born on 5 January 1893  Died on March 7, 1952

Swami Yogananda was born on January 5, 1893 in the town of Gorakhpur in Uttar Pradesh   near the Himalayas. He was known as Mukanda Lal Ghosh at his young days. His parents are from Bengal   the family was large, having seven brothers and sisters. His parents were honest and spiritual disciples of a great yogi named Lahiri Mahashaya who was perhaps the first guru in modern times to initiate many people into the ancient system of Kriya Yoga, which had a tremendous influence in the life of Yogananda Interestingly he makes a claim that as a baby he had memories of being a yogi in the Himalayas in previous lives. Yogananda was though a bright boy in his childhood but not very keen on studies but anyway   completed college studies He had the ambition of becoming a great renunciation yogi

 His life had the turning point when he first met his guru Sri Yukteshwar Geri The first emotional meeting with the guru in the sacred city of Kashi is an immensely romantic tale of destiny placing him in the right position where he and the master instantly recognized each other from their many births together, The guru   maintained an ashram only 12 kilometers from Yogananda's home in Calcutta. Yogananda was not instantly the favourite disciple but he was always regarded as being specially gifted. Over time he naturally ascended to being the chief disciple. His guru was a very formidable scholar and philosopher in both the Vedanta as well as in creative Yoga, hence the name he conferred upon his disciple, Yogananda, the Bliss of Yoga. He became a great Yogi

Yogananda founded yoga especially in kriya yoga school in Ranchi   He received an invitation to attend as a delegate from India in the International Congress of Religious Liberals. But he was slightly alarmed because of his no fluency in English language   but he was a courageous man.
His first attempt at public speaking was on board the ship taking him to the west, and his innate honesty, sees him narrate the almost-fiasco with obvious glee in the international forum. The swami won many converts to his philosophy in the West.
Yogananda made many trips back and forth between India and the west. He established great yoga self-realization institute in Los Angeles in America. On one of his periodic returns he was promoted to Paramahamsa status. The death of his guru was a great psychological blow to him but the apparent resurrection of his master consoled him.   Meanwhile he had many Self Realization Fellowship institutes in place with headquarters in Los Angeles.  He completed his autobiography up to the year 1951. On March 7, 1952 the great Yogi passed away. His body was kept in a casket for over two weeks and as the astonished mortician and many scientists realized, the body was showing no signs of decay. It was his last little demonstration of the power of yoga and the fact that the flesh does not define us but only the eternal spirit. After some time they cremated the preserved corpse but his legacy remains.

Murli Manohar Joshi 
(H  R  D  Minister ,  Govt of India) 
 Born   January 5, 1934

Murli  Monohar Joshi  was born on January 5, 1934 in UP .He had his early education at Hindu High School, Chandpur and completed his higher education from Meerut College and Allahabad University  Specialising in Spectroscopy, he was awarded Ph.D by the Allahabad University

Tilak's Gita Rahasya had a tremendous influence on him. Great RSS leaders like Guruji Golwalker, Deendayal Upadhyaya and Prof. Rajendra Singh played a major role in shaping the young Murli Manohar's political thinking.. Writings of Vivekananda and Aurobindo had a strong influence on his ideology.

Even during his over four decades of political career, Dr. Joshi pursued his academic life at Allahabad University. He inspired and guided scores of students to take up science research before he retired as Professor and Head of the Physics Department.

Today,  he is the Minister for Human Resources Development, Science & Technology and Ocean Development. Of govt of india . In 1996, he was the Union Home Minister   In 1977, he  was elected to the Lok Sabha, and became the General Secretary of the Janata Party in Parliament. He  was in the Rajya Sabha between 1992-96, when he was a Member of important committees . including Chairperson of Public Accounts Committee.

Both in HRD and Science & Technology ministry  he  has introduced many schemes for the benefit of various sections of the society. He introduced India Innovation Fund, Shyama Prasad Fellowships, Stree Shakti Puraskar, special awards and fellowships for women scientists. The National Children Fund is a very significant scheme. Kishore Vaijyanik Yojana is another. Jai Vigyan National Science & Technology Missions Ayurveda received special attention Marine Archaeological findings in the Gulf of Cambay He is widely acclaimed as the Scholar Politician as also a practicing scientist as a political campaigner.  .

 He is equally fluent in Hindi and English with a good knowledge of many other languages like Sanskrit, Urdu, Bangla, Punjabi, Marathi and Gujarati.  He wrote   two books - Vikalp (The Alternative) and Pragya Pravah (The Continuing Wisdom).

He joined RSS in 1944, at the age of 10.  Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad in 1949 and Bharatiya Jan Sangh in 1957.  He offered Satyagraha and got arrested protesting the ban on RSS in 1948.  In the Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad he was All India General Secretary in the early fifties. He was General-Secretary, University Teachers' Association, Allahabad 1971-73; President, University Teachers' Association, Allahabad, 1987-90;  As the General Secretary of the BJP in the eighties,he  was largely responsible for formulating the BJP's economic policy. He was the party's All India Treasurer between 1981 and 1983.

As the All India President of the BJP (1991-93), he led the historic Ekta Yatra from Kanyakumari to Srinagar, ). He was arrested on 8th December 1992 and detained along with other leaders in connection with the Ayodhya incidents, and rearrested   in December 1993  . He underwent 19 months of MISA detentionduring Emergency .

 He was elected to Lok Sabha successively thrice from 1996 from Allahabad. He was elected fellow of Russian National Academy of Natural Sciences in 2001. He is the First Indian to be elected to this Academy which has 24 Noble Laurates as its members. Dr Murli Monohar Joshi  was conferred the Degree of D.Sc.  by the Universities of Kanpur, Gorakhpur, Banaras and Kurushetra.  He was honoured with the Degree of Mahamahopadhyay by the Tirupati Sanskrit Vidyapeetha (Deemed University) and Vidya Vachapati by Sampurnanand Sanskrit Vidyapeetha. Dr. Joshi was honoured by the National Academy of Science, Allahabad (India) as an external fellow. The Indian Science Congress conferred on him the Jawaharlal Nehru Award in 1999. He participated in  International Youth Conference held at Chicago 1993 to mark the 100th Anniversary of Swami Vivekanand's Address to the Parliament of Religions

He was awarded "Friendship Medal" by the President of Mangolia in July, 2002 in recognition of his contribution towards development of relationship between India and Mongolia. 

Mohammed Umer Mukry
(Made India laugh )
Born: January 5 1922    Died:Sept 4, 2000

Mukri made not less than  600 films  He  never failed to keep audiences in splits with a special brand of humour marked with his own style of delivering , His special rythmatic  laughing style with fluctuationds of his droopy eyes  was said to be a unique one and nobody could imitate it correctly The film critics say that  his comedian approach  lent an extra dash of innocense to his skillfully cultivated confused  personna on the silver screen.

Some  films  that Mukri acted are    :-Anokha Pyaar,   Aan ,  Amar;   Amar-Akbar- Anthony ,  Coolie.,    Himalaya Ki God Mein  ,   Kala Paani ,    "Kohinoor ;   Mother India    ,Mera Saaya ;   Milan;    Padosan;   Ram Aur Shyam;   Rank;   Sharaabi" etc 

"Mukri" passed away on September 4, 2000.

      JOAN OF ARC
 Born:  6 January  1412  Died:  1431

Jehanne Darc (‘d”Arc) was born in the night of 6th January during

 The festival of the Epiphany (in many Christian churches, a yearly festival, held on January 6, commemorating both the revealing of Jesus as the Christ to the Gentiles in the persons of the Magi and the baptism of Jesus: also called TWELFTH DAY) in the year 1412 to her father Jacques Darc (or "d'Arc") and his wife Isabelle in the village of Domrémy.  She was named Jehanne ("Joan"), apparently after her mother’s sister or grandmother Jehanne Royer.
Her childhood was spent among the forests and strawberry-covered fields of the river named Meuse during a period of increasing trouble for the France King the Charles VI. The monarchy was placed in the hands of several members of the Royal family embroiled in a vicious civil war. In May 1413, when Jehanne was still a baby, the conflict produced a revolt in Paris, a bloody uprising engineered by the Duke of Burgundy, led by a prominent Parisian butcher named Simon Caboche, War with England was renewed in 1415, when Jehanne was three, King Henry V of England invaded Normandy defeating the French Royal army in one of the most lopsided battles of the long war. The victory, greeted with joyous celebrations in England. On the French side the battle produced shocked disbelief as word of the defeat slowly spread throughout the kingdom. King Charles is said to have exclaimed, "We are all lost and overthrown!" Against this turbulent backdrop the members of the d'Arc family continued to farm their 50-some acres of land near the Meuse.

According to many Historians she had been a dutiful child who helped her parents with the chores along with her other three elder brothers Jacquemin, Jean, and Pierre, and her sister Catherine. She was a "good, simple, sweet-natured girl who "worked gladly and went to church gladly She was greatly committed to the service of God and the Blessed Mary.  Many biographers say that  "she helped those who were ill and gave alms to the poor’ She used to sew linen fabrics and to spin wool. She also loved to listen to the ringing of the church bells, when she was in the fields and heard the bell tolling she would go down on her knees.

War darkened this childhood, however. Henry V of England had returned in 1417, gaining important cities only after wars, which half the population died of starvation and disease. Although most of these deaths were unintentional and Henry V tried to discourage his troops from wanton looting and destruction, he himself had a cruel side to his personality: when someone once complained about the sacking of towns, he is said to have commented: "War without fire is worth nothing - like sausages without mustard. The cost of Henry's "mustard" was borne by the French. In some parts of northern France abandoned farms, vacated by the terrified populace, became overgrown with scrub and small trees. A new leader in France was emerging at this time, later become King Charles VII. French loyalties were split between these two, and various individual nobles who maintained their own policies or switched back and forth between the major factions. Sporadic fighting broke out throughout France and beyond.

In 1419, according to the surviving records, Jehanne's father pooled his money with another farm family to rent the use of a nearby fortress on an island in the Meuse, called the "Château de l'Ile", to check and guard the town In 1420, when Jehanne was eight, the Treaty of Troyes granted Henry V eventual title to the kingdom of France through marriage to Catherine de Valois, daughter of King Charles VI.and France was divided between Henry V and the Duke of Burgundy. In 1422 Henry V and Charles VI died within two months of each other, leaving the infant Henry VI as the nominal ruler of both kingdoms and the various factions fighting for control of the Kingdom of France
. A new chapter had begun for Jehanne and. around that time, in 1424, the young farm girl began to experience visions .The thought came to be ever in her mind, "How I pity my country!" She sat over the matter and began to have visions of angels and heard strange voices, which said to her, "Joan, you can deliver the land from the English. Go to the relief of King Charles."

At last these strange visions and voices made the young girl believe that she had a mission from God, and she determined to try to save France. When she told her father and mother of her purpose, her father persuaded  "I tell thee, Joan, it is thy fancy. Thou hadst better have a kind husband to take care of thee, and do some work to employ thy mind." "Father, I must do what God has willed, for this is no work of my choosing," she replied. "Mother, I would far rather sit and spin by your side than take part in war. My mission is no dream. I know that I have been chosen by the Lord to fulfill His purpose and nothing can prevent me from going where He purposes to send me." To the governor of the town she said, "I must do the work my Lord has laid out for me."Little by little people began to believe in her mission. At last all stopped trying to discourage her and some who were wealthy helped her to make the journey to the town of Chinon where the French king, Charles VII, was living. When Joan arrived at Chinon, a force of French soldiers was preparing to go to the south of France to relieve the city of Orleans, which the English were besieging. Joan met the king and spoke modestly, "Gracious King, my name is Joan. God has sent me to deliver France from her enemies. You shall shortly be crowned in the cathedral of Rheims I am to lead the soldiers you are about to send for the relief of Orleans. So God has directed and under my guidance victory will be theirs."  The king and his nobles were convinced and allowed Joan to lead an army of about five thousand men against the English at Orleans.  It was in April, 1429 she left mounted on a fine war-horse and clad in white armor from head to foot In one hand she carried an ancient sword that she had found near the tomb of a saint, and in other a white banner embroidered with lilies She inspired the whole army with courage and faith as she talked about her visions after arriving the besieged city of Orleans she climbed its walls, entered Orleans, despite the efforts of the besiegers to prevent her. She aroused the city by her cheerful, confident words and then led her soldiers forth to give battle to the English. Their success was amazing. One after another the English forts were taken When only the strongest remained and Joan was leading the attacking force, she received a slight wound and was carried out of the battle to be attended by a surgeon. Her soldiers began to retreat. "Wait," she commanded, "eat and drink and rest; for as soon as I recover I will touch the walls with my banner and you shall enter the fort." In a few minutes she mounted her horse again and riding rapidly up to the fort, touched it with her banner. Her soldier almost instantly carried it. The very next day the enemy's troops were forced to withdraw from before the city and the siege was at end. The French soldiers were jubilant at the victory and called Joan the "Maid of Orleans." By this name she is known in history. Her fame spread everywhere, and the English as well as the French thought she had more than human power. She led the French in several other battles, and again and again her troops were victorious. At last the English were driven far to the north of France. Then Charles, urged by Joan, went to Rheims with twelve thousand soldiers, and there, with splendid ceremonies, was crowned king. Joan holding her white banner, stood near Charles during the coronation. When the ceremony was finished, she knelt at his feet and said, "O King, the will of God is done and my mission is over! Let me now go home to my parents." But the king urged her to stay a while longer, as France was not entirely freed from the English. Joan consented, but she said, "I hear the heavenly voices no more and I am afraid."

However she took part in an attack upon the army of the Duke of Burgundy, but was taken prisoner by him. For a large sum of money the duke delivered her into the hands of the English, who put her in prison in Rouen town. She lay in prison for a year, and finally was charged with   evil supernatural powers, witchcraft and brought to trial. . She declared to her judges her innocence of the charge and said, "God has always been my guide in all that I have done. The devil has never had power over me."  After long trial   she was doomed to be burned at the stake. . When the cruel flames burst out around her, the noble girl uttered the word "Jesus," and expired.

A R Rahman
 (Great music composer -example of hard labour)
Born January 6, 1966

 A.S.Dilip Kumar changed name as Allah Rakha Rahman was   born on the 6th of January 1966, in Madras.  His father’s name is   K.A.Sekhar, a musical intellect   having associated with organization of Malayalam movies and great singer   Salil Chowdhury at his age of 22, in 1988   his sister was seriously ill, no medicine could cue her .The family gave up all hope when they came in contact with a Muslim Pir - Sheik Abdul Qadir Jeelani by name and known as Pir Qadri. With his prayers and blessings, Dilip's sister made a miraculous recovery. Thereafter convinced   and influenced by the teachings of the Pir, the entire family converted to Islam, and Dilip took the name Allah Rakha Rahman and mother became Karina begum

  His early school period is not that bright as his education was affected by the expiry of his father at his age of nine and he had to take job in musical concert party as piano playing or key board player, he remained irregular in classes in Christian college, Madras and finally he dropped out of school altogether.

He   started working in the orchestra of M.S.Vishwanathan and Ramesh Naidu and accompanied Zakir Hussain and Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan on world tours. He got opportunity to take admission in Trinity College of Music at Oxford University from where he obtained a degree in Western Classical Music. After he returned he continued to be a part of various music troupes.   He was attracted by the advertising world and soon he composed for Allwyn's new Trendy range of watches in 1987, his 5-year involvement in advertising by composing more than 300 jingles Rahman did a lot of popular ads for Parry's, Leo Coffee, Boost featuring Sachin Tendulkar and Kapil Dev, Titan, Premier Pressure Cooker, Hero Puch and Asian Paints.  He won an award for composing the theme music of the Madras Telugu Academy's Spirit of Unity Concerts.

In 1989, he set up a small studio; called Panchathan   in his established state of the art sound and recording studio he began experimenting in sound engineering, design and production. He also began a collection of sound samples, creating one of the most comprehensive sonic libraries in Asia.

 he released his first album, of Muslim devotional songs, titled `Deen Isai Malai'.  `Set Me Free', an album of English songs then he composed for Mani Ratnam’s film ROJA that won every conceivable award in music that year. Rahman also got the Rajat Kamal for best music director at the National Film Awards

In the five years since Roja, he has created music for  Indian films  Pudhiya Mugam, Gentleman, Kizhaku Seemaiyilae, Duet, Kadalan, Bombay, May, Madham, Indian, Muthu kadhal Dasam, Love Birds and others.

In 1997, the International music giant, Sony Music, whose portfolio included the likes of Michael Jackson, entered the Indian market in a big way. The first person to be signed up by Sony Music from the Indian sub-continent was A.R.Rahman, Rahman created tremendous album  `Vandemataram' and released in 28 countries across the world on August 15th 1997. Rahman himself performed live at Vijay Chowk in New Delhi on the eve of the Golden Jubilee of Indian Independence to a packed audience that comprised of the Prime Minister of India. The album was a mega success and sold over 1.2 million copies in India and did reasonably well internationally too. Rahman worked with internationally reputed artistes like Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Apache Indian, Zakir Hussain, Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan, Dominic Miller, L.Shankar, Kadri Gopalnath, Vikku Vinayakram, Ustad Sultan Khan and Pandit Vishwa Mohan Bhatt among many others On a recent trip to India.

 He was  honoured with  "Padmashree" award for his achievement in music.

KAPIL DEV NIKHANJ 
 (Son of India cricket )
He was born in Chandigarh, Punjab, on 6^th January.

Kapil Dev played his first competitive game of cricket at the age of 13. In Chandigarh he used to be a regular spectator to watch the inter-sector matches. One Sunday the Sector 16 team fell one player short and Kapil who had gone to watch the match was taken in as a replacement. The sector 16 team  had  few players who had played Ranji Trophy cricket for Haryana  The young Kapil Dev impressed them with his attitude and talent and became a regular member of the side.  His elder brother and other family members  encouraged him and at age 14 Kapil started playing for DAV school and college.  Well-known cricket coach in Chandigarh sri Desh Prem Azad coached him 

Kapil Dev made his first class debut in November 1975 at the age of 17. He made his Test debut on 16th October 1978 at Faisalabad against Pakistan. Till he retired in mid 90's Kapil Dev was one of the leading all rounder in the game. He held the record for the most number of Test and One-day wickets for quite a long time Captaining India to win the World Cup in 1983 was the highlight of his illustrious career. Other highlights would include leading India to a 2-0 series win against England side in England in 1986.

Kapil Dev remained India's top strike bowler for almost 15 years. His extraordinary test match figures of more than 5000 runs, 434 wickets show that he was a world-class cricketer and all rounder. A cricketer of considerable magnetism and talent, a captain who always led from the front, world record holder, coach, model, actor, businessman, sports promoter is the Kapil Dev Nikhanj 
 

Career figures

TESTS
                                   M         Runs       HS       100    50 
Batsman                     131       5248       163        8      27    

                                   O           R           W        BBI     5      10 
Bowler                        4623   12867       434      9-83     23     2 

ONE-DAY INTERNATIONALS
 
                                     M       Runs         HS        100        50 
Batsman                      225       3783        175*        1           14  

                                     O          R                W       BBI     5w 
Bowler                       1867      6945           253       5-43     1    

Rahul Sharad Dravid  
( Wall of India cricket)  
 He was born in  Jan 11, 1973 at  Indore

Rahul Dravid was born to a middle class family in Indore on 11th January 1973. His father’s name is   Sharad  dravid and mother’s Pushpa Dravid. His parents moved to Bangalore where the family  permently settled down.
His father was an employee of Kissan Jam and great interest in cricket   His uncle KV Dravid played Ranji Trophy for Holkar.   This had made  the young Rahul having a keen interest in cricket which  his family members  allowed the him  to pursue his dreams of making cricket into a livelihood.  Rahul's parents encouraged him to take the sport seriously. He attended  St.Joseph's High school in Bangalore which traditionally had a good cricket team and it was there that he actually started playing cricket competitively. St.Joseph's school always boasted of a great cricket team and the junior side always ended up winning most of the tournaments.

 In 1984, he attended a summer coaching camp at  KSCA's Chinnawamy Stadium which was conducted by former cricketer turned coach  Keki Tarapore This camp  eventually would help to change his life as  his talent was spotted by Tarapore as  he was quite impressed by what he saw in the young man particularly in the manner in which he absolutely enjoyed practicing in the nets and the level of passion the young Rahul had for the game. What impressed Tarapore even more was the readiness he showed in learning all the time. In 1992 he captained the Indian Junior team against New Zealand. He was in the state Ranji Trophy team in 1990. In 1996 he played for India against England at Lords. In January 1997 during the Independence Cup Series with his grit and determination he completed his double century against West Indies and made India proud of him. 

Yltimately Rahul became the most dependable player of the country His first test was in Lords when he made 95. From then he was playing highly for the country and he becomes the vice captain of India team both in test and oneday cricket .. The popular cricketer married Vijeta Pendharkar daughter of an army officer of  Nag pur  ion Sunday, May 4  2003 The marriage held on akshaya tritiya, one of the four auspicious days of the Hindu calendar conducted following the Maharashtrian ritual

Swami Vivekananda
Born January 12 1863
Died  July 4  1902

Born in Calcutta, on January 12th, 1863   His father’s name was Vishwanatha Datta and mother’s Bhuvaneshwaridevi. He was first called Vireshwara, and then his name was formally changed to Narendranath. Young Narendranath was extremely devoted to God As a child he took full advantage of the opportunities given him because of his father's affluence. He learnt every form of martial arts He also became a musician and singer and indeed is one of India's first commentators. He also learnt to write in an elegant and forceful style all his own

He graduated from Christian College, Calcutta. The Principal, Mr. Hastie, was known to have remarked, "Narendranath is really a genius. I have traveled far and wide, but I have never come across a lad of his talents and possibilities, even in German Universities among philosophical students. He is bound to make his mark in life".  His interests ranged from sports and music to wrestling, philosophy and poetry. He loved reading Shelley, Wordsworth, Herbert Spencer and John Stuart Mill.
 

Narendra was not interested in worldly pleasures or acquiring possessions. He was looking for something beyond worldly pleasures. His life changed on meeting Sri Ramakrishna, by whose thoughts he was very impressed.  He put simple and devastating question to the great Ramakrishna Paramahansa. " Sir, have you seen God?"   Without any hesitation the answer came that not only had he seen God, anybody could do so provided they cared enough.. Ramakrishna saw in the fiery young man the synthesis of India's religious ideas

The second meeting was even more stimulating Ramakrishna was astute enough to recognize in Naren the type of personality that could spread the new inclusive version of faith that he had come to recognize was the truth and Naren was gradually coming under the spell of the great saint. And, as when he was blessed with a divine experience that made him renounce the world and become Swami Vivekananda, Sri Ramakrishna's disciple, 

The constant traveling across the country in its length snd breadth, spreading His master's message gave him a first hand knowledge of the miseries of his fellow countrymen as well as provided him with an unshakable conviction that the true life of India lay in religion that did not include superstitions and rituals, but strived towards a 'region beyond reason'

In September 1893, Swami Vivekananda participated in 'Parliament of Religions' held in Chicago, U.S.A. He spoke on the Hindu religion and left his audience spellbound. After this, he spread his master's message in Switzerland and England, and had a great following abroad. One of his most famous disciples was Margaret Noble, who later assumed the name of Sister Nivedita.

Swami Vivekananda wrote several letters during his stay outside the country   expressing his social, religious and spiritual views. His book 'Raja Yoga' is famous till today.  He believed that the neglect of the masses led to the downfall of the nation, Swami Vivekananda established two monasteries in the name of Sri Ramakrishna. One at Baranagar and the other at Belur, near Calcutta. . In the late hours of his life he became indisposed due to extreme labours and diabetes and the great Swami last journeyed into heaven on July 4th, 1902 at his monastery in Belur

Martin Luther King, Jr 
(A  great humanist of  twentieth century) 
 Born 15 January 1929
 Died   4 April 1968

Martin Luther King, Jr. was born  on  January 15, 1929, at  Atlanta, Georgia. Of  USA He was the second  among his   brothers and sisters   His father’s name was  Reverend Martin Luther King, Sr., and  mother Alberta Williams King.  His  sister’s name was Christine King Farris and brother’s   Alfred Daniel Williams King.  He married  Coretta Scott, younger daughter of Obadiah and Bernice McMurray Scott of Marion, Alabama on June 18, 1953.  They had four children
Yolanda Denise     born on November 17, 1955 
Martin Luther III   born  onOctober 23, 1957
Dexter Scott          born on January 30, 1961
Bernice Albertine  born on March 28, 1963

Martin Luther King, Jr. began his education at the Yonge Street Elementary School in Atlanta, Georgia. Following that he was enrolled in David T. Howard Elementary School. He also attended the Atlanta University Laboratory School and Booker T. Washington High School. Because of his high score on the college entrance examinations in his junior year of high school, he advanced to Morehouse College without formal graduation from Booker T. Washington. Having skipped both the ninth and twelfth grades, Dr. King entered Morehouse at the age of fifteen.

In 1948, he graduated from Morehouse College with a B.A. degree in Sociology. There  he enrolled in Crozer Theological Seminary in Chester, Pennsylvania. While attending Crozer, he  studied at the University of Pennsylvania. He was elected president of the senior class , he won the Pearl Plafker Award for the most outstanding student; and he received the J. Lewis Crozer fellowship for graduate study at a university of his choice. He was awarded a Bachelor of Divinity degree from Crozer in 1951.

In September of 1951, Martin Luther King began doctoral studies in Systematic Theology at Boston University. He also studied at Harvard University. His dissertation, "A Comparison of God in the Thinking of Paul Tillich and Henry Wieman," was completed in 1955, and the Ph.D. degree from Boston, a Doctorate of Philosophy in Systematic Theology, was awarded on June 5, 1955.

Dr. King was awarded honorary degrees from numerous colleges and universities in the United States and several foreign countries. They include the following:

Doctor of Laws, Howard University

Doctor of Divinity, Boston University

Doctor of Laws, Lincoln University

Doctor of Laws, University of Bridgeport

Doctor of Letters, Keuka College

Doctor of Laws, Yale University

Doctor of Laws, Hofstra University

Doctor of Social Science, Amsterdam Free University

Martin Luther King was ordained in February 1948 at the age of nineteen at Ebenezer Baptist Church, Atlanta, Georgia. Following his ordination, he became Assistant Pastor of Ebenezer. Upon completion of his studies at Boston University, he accepted the call of Dexter Avenue Baptist Church, Montgomery, Alabama. He was the pastor of Dexter Avenue from September 1954 to November 1959, when he resigned to move to Atlanta to direct the activities of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. From 1960 until his death in 1968, he was co-pastor with his father at Ebenezer Baptist Church and President of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference.

Dr. King was a pivotal figure in the Civil Rights Movement. He was elected president of the Montgomery Improvement Association, the organization which was responsible for the successful Montgomery Bus Boycott from 1955 to 1956 (381 days). He was arrested thirty times for his participation in civil rights activities. He was a founder and president of Southern Christian Leadership Conference from 1957 to 1968.  He was a member of several national and local boards of directors. He was elected to membership in several learned societies including the prestigious American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Dr. King received several hundred awards for his leadership in the Civil Rights Movement. Some of  them were:

Selected one of the most outstanding personalities of the year by Time, 1957, Link Magazine of New Dehli, India, listed Dr. King as one of the sixteen world leaders who had contributred most to the advancement of freedom during 1959., Named Man of the Year by Time, 1963., Named American of the Decade by Laundry, Dry Cleaning, and Die Workers International Union, 1963,The John F. Kennedy Award, from the Catholic Interracial Council of Chicago, 1964.,The Nobel Peace Prize in 1964. At age 35, Dr. King was the youngest man, the second American, and the third black man awarded the Nobel Peace Prize., numerous citations, are in the Archives of the Martin Luther King, Center for Nonviolent Social Change, Inc. in Atlanta, Georgia.

 Dr. King's concept of   somebodiness   gave black and poor people a new sense of worth and dignity. His philosophy of nonviolent direct action, and his strategies for rational and non-destructive social change, galvanized the conscience of this nation and reordered its priorities. Dr. King's speech at the march on Washington in 1963, his acceptance speech of the Nobel Peace Prize, his last sermon at Ebenezer Baptist Church, and his final speech in Memphis are among his most famous utterances.   4 april 2968Dr. King was shot while standing on the balcony of the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee on April 4, 1968

JAVED AKHTAR 
(Renowned poet of India)
Born January 17, 1945

Javed Akhtar was born on January 17, 1945, in Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh   He  belongs to a family whose lineage can be traced back to seven generations of literature. His father, Jan Nisar Akhtar,  was  a poet and mother, Safia Akhtar, was a noteworthy writer . Both Jan Nisar Askhtar and Safia Akhtar were professors at Hamidia College, Bhopal. His maternal uncle, Israr-ul-Haq Majaz was a very popular poet during the forties and the fifties and his grandfather, Muztar Khairabadi and great grandfather, Syed Ahmad Husain Ruswa were celebrated poets of their times. A prominent theologian, a fervent freedom fighter and a close friend of Mirza Ghalib, Maulana Fazl-e-Haq Khairabadi was his great great grandfather]  During the First War of Independence, 1857, he took an active part against the British. Consequently, he was exiled, by the British imperialists, to Kala Pani [Andoman and Nicobar Islands] He could never return to the mainland which he intensely loved and fought for its independence. Scion of such an illustrious lineage, Javed Akhtar, through his poetry has added considerably to the family heritage.

. Javed Akhtar was a student of  Cambridge School, Bhopal. He spent a considerable period of his adolescence and early youth with his maternal relatives at Lucknow and Aligarh and  he joined Calvin Talukdar College, Lucknow and Minto Circle, Aligarh to do his under graduation. Akhtar graduated in 1964, from Saifiya College, Bhopal.

On completing graduation, Akhtar shifted base to Mumbai where his father, Jan Nisar Akhtar, was a lyricist in the film industry. He struggled  initially a lot to find a foothold . At last he teamed up with Salim and the duo, Salim-Javed, became a household name all over India.  Alongwith Salim, he wrote the scripts, which included story, screenplay and dialogue, of monumental super hits like Zanjeer, Deewar, Sholay, Haathi Mere Saathi, Seeta Aur Geeta, Don,Trishu etc. Salim-Javed as the most celebrated scriptwriter duo succeeded in according Amitabh Bachchan and to Indian Cinema the momentous persona of the 'Angry Young Man."

.Javed wrote  scripts for the films like Sagar, Mr. India, Betaab, Arjun  and wrote songs in  Silsila, , Mr. India, Sagar, Tezab, 1942-A Love Story, Sardari Begum,Border, Saaz

 He also won the National Award as the Best Lyricist for three years in succession for the films Saaz [1997], Border [1998], and Godmother [1999]. He has also been honoured with Padmashri  in 1999. He is married to Shabana Azmi, India's most respected actress and social activist.

RICHARD MILHOUS NIXON
(37^th President of USA)
Born    January 1913   Died    April      1994

He was born in California in 1913.